Colombia Fishing: The Complete Guide for 2024

Apr 23, 2024 | 10 minute read
Reading Time: 10 minutes

Ever considered a trip to Colombia? Beyond its aromatic coffee plantations, spirited salsa dances, and prized emerald treasures, there’s an aspect of Colombia that’s been quietly drifting under the radar. That ends today, as we help uncover fishing in Colombia

A view from a hill in Cartagena, with a cross in the foreground on the left of the image, looking towards the new part of the city and a bustling dock leading out to the ocean on a sunny day

Nestled between two oceans and crisscrossed by majestic rivers, Colombia boasts a rich angling world. From the vast expanses of the Amazon to the mighty shores of the Caribbean Sea and Pacific Ocean, virtually every corner of Colombia offers legendary catches. And with a recent surge in the availability of charter fishing, tourists have a unique opportunity to delve into the nation’s previously untouched waters.

This guide is here to lead you through the myriad of fishing opportunities Colombia has to offer. We’ll highlight the prime spots, unveil secrets from local anglers, and offer insights on the fish species – and more! So, without further ado, let’s see what makes casting a line here so special…

Top Columbia Fish Species

Colombia is home to a kaleidoscope of fish species. Anglers can enjoy everything from fierce battles with the iconic Peacock Bass in freshwater rivers to adrenaline-packed offshore encounters with majestic Billfish. Let’s take a closer look at some of the showstoppers:

Peacock Bass 

A man in a straw hat and sunglasses, holding a Peacock Bass in a river in Colombia on a cloudy day with a riverbank visible behind him
Photo courtesy of Anakay Natural Reserve

Locally known as “Pavon,” Peacock Bass are a treasured catch for any freshwater enthusiast. They primarily hang out in the waters of the Orinoco and Amazon basins, showing off their gorgeous colors and game qualities. These are both visual treats and feisty fighters. 

If you got your eyes set on a real prize, it’s never a bad idea to practice catch and release, like the locals do. Peacock Bass react well to topwater lures and poppers early in the morning. You can also try the same technique late in the afternoon to lure in these predatory beauties. Who knows? You might end up breaking the local record of a whopping 25 pounds!

Payara

An angler in a baseball cap and sunglasses, wasding up to his waist in a river in Colombia on a clear day, and presenting his Payara catch to the camera
Photo courtesy of Orinocoflies

Also known as “Vampire Fish” due to their menacing fangs, Payara are dream catches for adventure-seekers. This interesting species is found in the fast-flowing waters of Colombia’s major river systems, especially the Orinoco.

Payara fishing in Columbia is popular thanks to the fish’s lightning speed and the way they ambush their prey. Local anglers often use fast-moving lures or fresh bait to tempt these aquatic vampires. If you’re aiming to break the local record, you’ll need to land a Payara heavier than 39 pounds. Sounds easy, right?

Tarpon

A man standing on a fishing boat in the mangroves on a cloudy day, holding a Tarpon up horizontally
Photo courtesy of Toto Fishing Trips

Exotics aside, the coastal waters of Colombia – especially the Caribbean coast – are home to the mighty “Silver King“. But here, they’re mostly known as “Sábalo,” impressing both visitors and locals with their acrobatic leaps and intense fights. 

While the country’s record stands at an astonishing 286 pounds, even smaller Tarpon can offer a memorable challenge. Live bait, such as mullet and shrimp, have proven to be pretty effective to get the fish to bite. Note that all the Sábalo caught need to be released back into the water, safe and unharmed. 

Roosterfish

A teenager in a fluorescent shirt, standing aboard a fishing charter in the nearshore waters of Colombia on a cloudy day, holding a Roosterfish
Photo courtesy of Bahia House

Moving on to the Pacific coast of Colombia, with its rocky outcrops and sandy beaches, it’s time to talk about a new superstar – Roosterfish. These fish are easily recognizable by their comb-like dorsal fin and relentless battles they put up once hooked. If hooked, that is. 

These magnificent creatures can reach a solid 60 pounds, although Roosterfish of all sizes are praised for their relentless energy. Pack a good selection of poppers and stickbaits if you’re planning to target these gorgeous creatures. 

Billfish

Two anglers (one shirtless) standing on the deck of a fishing boat in Colombia and holding a large Sailfish on a clear day
Photo courtesy of Cartagena Fishing

Colombia’s deep offshore waters are the hunting grounds of majestic Billfish. From the acrobatic leaps of the Sailfish to the brute strength of the Blue and Black Marlin, these species represent the pinnacle of offshore fishing in Colombia.

So, how can you target one of these oceanic titans, especially if you come across a 500+ lb Blue Marlin? The answer is choosing the right technique. Whichever Billfish you have in mind, trolling with artificial lures or live bait is the preferred method. If you’re feeling adventurous, ask your captain to try kite fishing for Sailfish. Either way, you’ll need some strength and luck to keep them on your line… 

Yellowfin Tuna

A man with a bluff around his head holding a Tuna aboard a fishing charter with the deep blue water visible behind him on a clear day
Photo courtesy of Sofimar Charters

Billfish aside, the offshore waters, particularly around Malpelo Island, are also teeming with Yellowfin Tuna. These bluewater monsters need no introduction, known for their speed and pure power. Plus, Tuna are among the tastiest fish in all the world’s oceans – and Columbia is no exception. 

If you’re up to the challenge of battling a Yellowfin, get ready to do some trolling. Live bait or poppers and stickbaits can result in explosive bites, although you’re always welcome to experiment. The potential for monumental Tuna catches is always present – you just need to know where to look!

…And More!

Of course, the Columbia fishing menu goes on and on. Freshwater enthusiasts set their sights on intriguing species such as Matrinxa, Tambaqui, and Bicuda. Saltwater-wise, you can head to Cartagena and target Barracuda, Snapper, Grouper, and Jack Crevalle. Venture offshore from Santa Marta, and the game amplifies with the likes of Wahoo, Amberjack, and a variety of Sharks

How to Go Fishing in Colombia

Navigating the angling world of Colombia can be a rewarding experience if you approach it with the right set of techniques, gear, and knowledge. The diverse waters – from freshwater lakes and rivers to the vastness of the Pacific and Caribbean – require tailored approaches. Let’s discuss the most popular types of fishing in Columbia and their intricacies:

Freshwater Fishing in Colombia

A view from a riverbank towards a body of water in Colombia on a clear day, with a fishinng boat ready to launch into the water and people wading and fishing
Photo courtesy of Anakay Natural Reserve

In the lush river valleys and intricate lagoon systems of Colombia, fly fishing is among the most popular techniques. Anglers choose this method when aiming for Peacock Bass or the elusive Matrinxa, especially in key areas like the Orinoco River. A 7–9 wt fly rod, combined with a reel spooled with a tropical floating line, is typical for casting here. 

If you’re interested in piquing the interest of Bass or Matrinxa, pick bright-colored streamers. For Redtail or Firewood Catfish, however, sturdy braided lines become the go-to to ensure that even the most tenacious of Cats can’t escape the grasp.

Saltwater Fishing in Colombia

A woman standing on the bow of a fishing boat in the mangroves of Colombia, casting a fishing line into the water on a clear day
Photo courtesy of Cartagena Fishing II

The sun-drenched coastlines – especially the waters surrounding Cartagena – are a paradise for saltwater enthusiasts. Rocky outcrops and submerged structures in the area are rich in marine life and become even more attractive when you have the right gear to hand. This is especially true if you’re after species like Snapper, Grouper, and Jack Crevalle

Locals normally use light to medium-spinning setups, particularly a 7′ rod matched with a 4000–5000 size reel, loaded with a 15–30 lb braided line. Live baits, such as sardines or pilchards, are often the difference between an empty hook and a prized catch. For those who swear by lures, throwing poppers or vertical jigs can lead to impressive results, especially during the early morning or late evening hours. 

Deep Sea Fishing in Colombia

A view out of the back of a sportfishing boat in Colombia with five trolling lines dragging behind the boat in the blue waters on a clear day
Photo courtesy of Get Tight Fishing Cartagena

Venturing into the deeper parts of the Colombian sea is an expedition of its own. We suggest heading around 40 miles offshore from Santa Marta, in particular, for some fruitful angling. Here, the deep blue becomes a playground where anglers face off against oceanic titans like Wahoo, Amberjack, and even Sharks

Heavy-duty trolling setups become a necessity when deep sea fishing in Colombia. Opting for rods in the 50–80 lb class range, paired with robust reels loaded with a 50–80 lb braided line is a start. While large skirted trolling lures are usually effective, deep-diving plugs can often be your ticket to success in these depths. Also, don’t overlook the power of live or cut bait, especially when targeting species that rely more on scent than sight.

Charter Fishing in Colombia

A group of two male and two female anglers on the deck of a fishing charter in Colombia, holding a mixture of fish including Groupers on a clear day with water visible behind them
Photo courtesy of Get Tight Fishing Cartagena

Charter fishing in Colombia is probably your best option for various reasons. Firstly, it’s an accessible way for those who are treading Colombian waters for the first time. Renowned places like Cartagena or Santa Marta boast a fleet of experienced charter operators. Booking with them not only ensures safety but also ensures that you’ll tap into some local angling wisdom. 

Booking a trip with a local captain means having top-of-the-line equipment and gear, tailored to local conditions and target species. For novices, it’s a golden opportunity to get a hands-on lesson from a seasoned expert. For seasoned veterans, it’s a chance to explore uncharted territory and chase that dream catch.

Where to Go Fishing in Columbia

Just hours away from Colombia’s urban centers, untouched fishing territories await. From the tranquil waters of Puerto Carreño, Río Guayabero, Rio Inirida, and Río Elvita, anglers can pursue the heavyweight Peacock Bass, Payara, and an array of Catfish. The Jericó Ecological Park offers an unparalleled Trout fishing experience, while Medellin’s coastal proximity allows you to hunt for Roosterfish and Tarpon. 

Pacific Region

An aerial view of Santa Marta, Colombia, at sunset, with a port visible in the distance and the busy city on the right of the image contrasting with the calm waters of the ocean on the left

Nestled along the Colombian Pacific lies a fishing haven known for its biodiversity and year-round opportunities. With the backdrop of mangroves and tropical rainforests, maintaining an average temperature of 25°C (77°F), this part of the Biogeographic Choco promises unspoiled landscapes and bountiful waters. Here are a couple of key spots:

  • Cartagena. The city’s nearshore waters are rich with Barracuda, Snapper, and Grouper – ideal for short trips and family outings. However, the thrill of offshore fishing begins 10 miles off its coast, where Blue and White Marlin, Sailfish, and Yellowfin Tuna dominate. This area’s dramatic seabed transition, dropping quickly in depth, makes Cartagena a magnet for diverse pelagic species.
  • Santa Marta. Diverse marine life thrives around Santa Marta. Although it requires a longer ride of up to 40 miles from the coast, the rewards include the potential of Marlin, Sailfish, Wahoo, and even Sharks. 
  • Bahía Solano. This spot encourages multiple fishing techniques, from spinning to fly fishing, and is famed for its scenic vistas and unspoiled waters. Here, anglers can find a variety of species, from Amberjack to Blue and Black Marlin. 
  • Punta Brava (Nuquí). Frequented for Tuna, Sailfish, and Roosterfish, Punta Brava promises year-round fishing. The month of May is particularly popular with those eager to come back to shore with a mixed bag.

Orinoquia Region 

A view across the river towards a setting sun in the middle of the image, creating an orange hue, with trees visible on either side of the calm waterway

A mosaic of waterways and wilderness, the Orinoquia Region is all about rich fishing traditions. Set against the backdrop of Colombia’s plains and indigenous communities, here are some top spots: 

  • Vichada. Rich bodies of water like the Orinoco, Meta, Bita, and Vichada Rivers make Vichada a prized destination for sportfishing. The Bita, particularly in Puerto Carreño, is a hotspot for endemic species and may become the world’s first protected river. Among the treasures of this region are Pavón, Payara, Cachama, and various Bagre species.
  • Puerto Carreño. A lesser-known gem, Puerto Carreño’s peak fishing season spans from January to March. It’s a great place to cast your line for giant Peacock Bass, Payara, Catfish, Matrinxa, Tambaqui, and Bicuda.
  • Anakay Natural Reserve. Located in the upper Bita River, this haven is renowned for its Peacock Bass, among other species like Payara, Pacu, and Piranhas. The 6,000-acre reserve limits public access, ensuring a fruitful fishing experience, with accommodation in rustic wooden cabins and guided fishing expeditions by regional experts. 

Andean Region 

An aerial view of a lake in Medellín, Colombia, on a clear day, with blue water contrasting against lush green mountains and a village visible in the foreground

The Andean region, although not globally renowned, holds some of Colombia’s most treasured fishing spots. Bolstered by local expertise, the Andean area promises authentic and memorable angling experiences. Here are a few highlights:

  • Antioquia. Guatapé’s El Peñol reservoir is a hub for anglers chasing Largemouth Bass, Tilapia, Mojarra, Roosterfish, and Tarpon. Guatape, San Rafael, and the Nare River are home to Golden Dorado, Peacock Bass, and Payara. 
  • Cundinamarca. Home to a constellation of fishing spots, Cundinamarca ensures eco-friendly fishing. A prime attraction is the trio of Siecha Lagoons: Fausto, America, and – the largest – Siecha. “Siecha” translates to “Man of Water” in the ancient Muisca language, a nod to its rich aquatic life.
  • National Natural Park Chingaza. This park stands as a testament to Colombia’s dedication to environmental balance. Brown Trout, introduced in the 1940s, and Rainbow Trout from the 1970s now coexist in locales like the Chingaza Lagoon and the Chuza Reservoir.

Amazon Region  

An aerial view of a winding waterway of the Amazon in Colombia, making its way around a lush green forest on a clear day with some clouds in the sky

The Colombian Amazon is a haven for anglers, enriched by its intertwining rivers, remote jungles, indigenous territories, parks, and nature reserves. This ecosystem also celebrates its indigenous inhabitants, all sustained by the vast Amazon River – the world’s mightiest in terms of length, width, and depth. The prime fishing season here offers anything from Pavón to Piraña.

Heliconia Reserve is located a scenic three and a half-hour sail down the grand Amazon, followed by a journey on one of its significant tributaries, the Javari River. It also serves as a natural divide between Brazil and Peru. Notable spots include the San Antonio Ox-Bow, Caoti, Cristina Ox-Bow, and Pombao Ox-Bow Lakes, along with Lakes Socó and Socózinho Ox-Bow, the channels of Mata Mata and Tartaruga, and the sandy beaches of the Javari River

Colombia Fishing Seasons

Visitors can plan their Columbia fishing adventure any time, but the peak tourist months for fishing are January, June, July, and December. These months coincide with the dry and hot seasons in Colombia. 

From September to November, saltwater fishing reaches its peak, as species such as Billfish, Dorado, and Tuna become abundant. For those interested in freshwater fishing, the months of January to March are ideal, especially for catching Peacock Bass. 

Different regions of Colombia also offer distinct fishing seasons. In the Vichada, the favorable months are December, January, February, and March. In the Amazon, the months of September, October, and November are best. Depending on your desired location and target, seasoned guides can easily help you choose the perfect time for your fishing adventure.

Colombia Fishing Rules and Regulations

An infographic featuring the flag of Colombia along with text that says "Colombia Fishing Regulations What You Need to Know" against a dark blue background with a vector of a boat and the FishingBooker logo

Before embarking on a fishing trip in Colombia, it’s essential to clarify certain details with your captain. Ask if a fishing license is included in the price and who will keep any fish caught. Many of Colombia’s fishing trips operate on a catch-and-release basis, but your captain will guide you on which fish species can be kept and consumed. 

In Colombia, specific authorizations are required for fishing competitions, including details about areas, species, boats, seasons, systems, quantities, and other aspects of sportfishing. The AUNAP (National Authority for Aquaculture and Fishing) grants this authorization, with costs varying depending on the user type and activity scope. The authorization is valid for up to 6 months for foreigners not domiciled in the country. 

Fishing in Colombia: Tales from the Twilight Tide

An aerial view of a lake in Colombia with crystal clear blue waters dominating the image, giving way to lush green hills and one rounded peak in the center of the image on a clear day

There’s a reason why fishing aficionados and travel enthusiasts alike are turning their attention to Colombia’s serene lakes, rivers, and expansive coasts. Fishing in Colombia is more than just an angling expedition. It’s a deep dive into nature and indigenous cultures. It’s where memories are made and tales of “the one that got away” are born. The waters of Colombia are waiting!

Have you ever been fishing in Colombia? What’s your favorite region? Let us know in the comments below!

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Lisa traded the lecture hall for the vast expanse of the world's waters, transforming her love of teaching into an insatiable passion for angling and storytelling. She would sail through oceans, lakes, and rivers, reeling in the world’s fish stories one catch at a time.

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